Construction Project Delivery System Project Essay

A project manager is an individual who really needs a set of skills to achieve a successful construction project. The expertise and learning should be based on technical knowledge, site knowledge, management knowledge, controlling and finally executing. He has some ways to divide his working task, for example introducing sub contract or allotting co-engineers and workers. There are three types of system which Project manager has to deal with and they are Construction project delivery system Owner delivers the project to an architect and contractor, were they have a inter connection for any queries and they both lend to sub-contractor and suppliers if in case they needed. Construction administration delivery system The link between owner and project manager makes the decision about the designers and contractor, they are all inter related to each other. Design build delivery system Owner to design built firm and they have there own sub-contractor. Not only work breakdown structure helps for successful project, the task duration and the construction methodology help to make a easy way to achieve the target. By keeping work breakdown structure diagram we won’t be able to finish the project and we have to implant the duration that each task will take to complete, So we have to go through each task and have to analysis the duration for it’s completion, for example if we take a site cleaning task it will take one day to finish it off meanwhile in theShow MoreRelatedStructured Literature Review : Bridging With Design Building And Traditional Design Bid Build For Effective Decision Making860 Words   |  4 Pages21st century construction industry believe that for effective completion of a construction project, selection of a suitable project delivery system is essential. Design-bid-build (DBB) is one of the conventional project delivery methods extensively used in construction for defining contractual responsibilities to various parties involved in a construction project. However, with the advent of sophisticated technology and level of specialization required, a new project delivery system was introducedRead MoreProject Delivery System For The State Of Texas1103 Words   |  5 Pageseducated decision in choosing a project delivery system for their project. With the introduction of Bridging method of project delivery, it is a challenging task for the owner to make a decision about the most suitable method of project delivery for the geographic location of their project. As, it requires historical data about performance of similar projects or the owners can obtain data from research conducted by scholars/organizations. 5.1 Comparison of PDS based on project data from private industryRead MoreThe American Institute Of Architects1307 Words   |  6 Pagesis IPD (Integrated Project Delivery) as it applies to construction? Generally speaking here is how it works: IPD is a process where a team of everyone involved in the project gets together and create a plan then continue to be involved to see it through completion. The team is bound together by contract legally and stands to gain or lose financially as a whole by the outcome of the project. The American Institute of Architects (AIA) currently defines IPD as a project delivery method that integratesRead MoreAn Appropriate Project Delivery System1050 Words   |  5 Pagesappropriate project delivery method can enhance the probability of meeting project goals and objectives, significantly increasing its efficiency (Touran, et al. 2011) (Luu, Ng and Chen 2005) (Rwelamila and Meyer 1999). Gordon (Gordon 1994) states that the selection of more efficien t contracting methods could reduce project cost by an average of 5%. In a survey by The Charted Institute of Building (CIOB), a whooping majority of 87% believe that proper selection of project delivery system is synonymousRead MoreProject Delivery Methods For Distinct Allocation Of Risk And Responsibilities Within A Construction Contract Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesProject delivery methods allow for distinct allocation of risk and responsibilities within a construction contract. Each unique construction project calls for a defined delivery method and a written contract in order to ensure the success of the venture. â€Å"A project delivery option is defined as a method for procurement which the owner’s assignment of ‘delivery’ risk and performance for design and construction has been transferred to another party† (Mahdi 564). After a legal and appropriate contractRead More1)- Data Gathering . It Involves Gathering And Documentation1448 Words   |   6 Pagesrelated to the project., so that the project can be effectively profiled against potential delivery models and procurement methods. The following areas should be covered in detail as part of the data-gathering exercise are Project objectives This may include social, economic, safety-related, operational agency objectives (e.g. knowledge management or information-sharing) and any desired legacy benefits Project requirements The level of core services or requirements to be delivered. Project characteristicsRead MoreWhat Is Ipd ( Integrated Project Delivery?1171 Words   |  5 Pages(Integrated Project Delivery)? The American Institute of Architects (AIA) currently defines IPD as a project delivery method that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to reduce waste and optimize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication and construction (Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia 2015). . Over time, businesses are adopting the integrated project delivery and project partneringRead MoreIntegrated Project Delivery Method For Construction1311 Words   |  6 PagesIntegrated Project Delivery Method What is IPD (Integrated Project Delivery) as it applies to construction? Generally speaking here is how it works: IPD is a process where a team of everyone involved in the project gets together and create a plan then continue to be involved to see it through completion. The team is bound together by contract legally and stands to gain or lose financially as a whole by the outcome of the project. The American Institute of Architects (AIA) currently defines IPDRead MoreImplementation Of Ipd And Traditional Delivery Method771 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Contractors of America in 2008; specifically, IPD reduced 46% of design and construction time, increased 58% of project quality, saved 61% of project costs, cut down 71% of project change orders and delays, and decreased 84% of conflicts occurred during the project. Therefore, numerous construction experts recommend users to implement IPD in all construction project types in order to minimize total project duration and costs (Cho Ba llard, 2011; FCMAA, 2008; Darrington Balzarano, 2010;Read MoreCurrent Trends On The Construction Industry973 Words   |  4 PagesTrends in the Construction Industry Beginning a new year of the construction industry with a report of 6% growth (achieved approximately $712 billion) in the financial profit of construction from Dodge Data Analytics 2016 Construction Outlook, many analysts and experts predict that potential values for the construction business will be progressively increased with extensions of modern technologies and state-of-the-art concepts for improving construction performance, especially in project cost and

Summary Of The Color Yellow By F. Scott Fitzgerald

1. Yellow – â€Å"the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music,† â€Å"two girls in twin yellow dresses who stopped at the foot of the steps,† Gatsby’s â€Å"yellow car.† In the novel, the color yellow is associated with wealth which Fitzgerald develops in order to associate the color with Gatsby by having it be the color of his car and be very present at his parties. Affairs/Cheating – Tom and Myrtle, and Gatsby and Daisy. In the novel, affairs are very prevalent and are associated with characters of wealth who do not find love in what they own and cheat in order to try and satisfy themselves. White – â€Å"white Georgian Colonial mansion overlooking the bay,† â€Å"white dresses,† â€Å"She dressed in white, and had a little white roadster.† In the novel, the color white embodies purity and is associated with Daisy via the car she drives and the clothes she wear s which is ironic due to the fact that she loves not her husband Tom, but Gatsby. 2. One example of irony is when Tom states, â€Å"Nowadays people begin by sneering at family life and family institutions, and next they’ll throw everything overboard and have intermarriage between black and white.† His statement is ironic because he is accusing people of not following traditional American values while he himself is having an affair with Myrtle. Another example of irony is when Myrtle was run over by Gatsby’s car and Tom believes it was Gatsby who was driving, but it was actually Daisy who,Show MoreRelated Cars as a Symbol in The Great Gatsby Essay1036 Words   |  5 Pagesforeshadow upcoming events. Throughout the book, there are many devastating and dark events that these cars represent. A line from the book that really drives this home is, So we drove on toward death through the cooling twilight (Fitzgerald 143). Fitzgerald deliberately chose to put the words drove, implying cars, and death, together. This is an idea that appears many times. The dead man went An incidence of this is when Nick and Gatsby are driving over the Queensboro Bridge on theirRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2528 Words   |  11 PagesNovel Study Guide: The Great Gatsby 1. Author Info F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) wrote The Great Gatsby around 1925. 2. Novel Background Of all of Fitzgerald’s novels, this one was considered the greatest book. Fitzgerald coined the term Jazz Age to refer to the period more commonly known as the Roaring Twenties. Jazz is an American style of music marked by its complex and exuberant mix of rhythms and tonalities. The Great Gatsby portrays a similarly complex mix of emotions and themes thatRead MoreThe Tragic Heroes Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2344 Words   |  10 Pagesfriend, ‘James Gatz s’ true and humble beginnings. I suppose he d had the name ready for a long time, even then his parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people - his imagination had never really accepted them as his parents at all (Fitzgerald, 98). Nick explains Gatsby s true, humble beginnings and his ambition towards getting rich to suppress his insecurities of being a poor boy having. Gatsby going as far as to change his name and identity justifies his insecurities, as he would ratherRead MoreShort Summary of the Great Gatsby11203 Words   |  45 PagesBiography of F. Scott Fitzgerald About F. Scott Fitzgerald Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born on September 24, 1896, the only son of an aristocratic father and a provincial, working-class mother. He was therefore the product of two divergent traditions: while his fathers family included the author of The Star-Spangled Banner (after whom Fitzgerald was named), his mothers family was, in Fitzgeralds own words, straight 1850 potato-famine Irish. As a result of this contrast, he was exceedinglyRead MoreTiffany Co Marketing Plan5298 Words   |  22 PagesMARKETING PLAN I. Executive summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 A. History of Tiffany Co†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....3 II. Current marketing situation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 A. Market overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 i. Market demographics and needs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 ii. Market trends and target market growth†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 B. SWOT analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 i. Strengths †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreGlobal Bike Industry Raunak Mor11309 Words   |  46 PagesAssignment 2: GBI Risk Management Strategy Date: 06/05/2013 RAMANATHAN RAGUPATHI | 21751781 RAUNAK MOR | 23874449 LOVELEEN MANSINGHKA | 19143656 1 Ramanathan Ragupathi |Raunak Mor |Loveleen Mansinghka FIT 5101: Enterprise Systems Executive Summary Risk assessment is one of the most crucial elements in the implementation of an ERP system that determines the success or failure of the whole system. GBI is vulnerable to various implementation risks and failing to assess these risks appropriatelyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesNetworked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from FailureRead MoreCommon Knowledge : How Companies Thrive by Sharing What They Know56617 Words   |  227 Pagesmeets the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries and Archives Z39.481992. Page v FOR MY SONS WHOSE LIVES HAVE SO GREATLY ENRICHED MY OWN: STEPHEN DIXON JOHNSON RICHARD SCOTT JOHNSON Page vii Contents Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 2 Creating and Leveraging Common Knowledge 3 Serial Transfer 4 Near Transfer 5 Far Transfer 6 Strategic Transfer 7 Expert Transfer 8 Looking Across the Five Types of Knowledge TransferRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesPermissions: Hessa Albader Cover Art: Fotolia Media Editor: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Leghigh-Phoenex Color Text Font: 10/12, Times Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within the text. Microsoft ® and Windows ® are registered trademarks of the Microsoft CorporationRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesspecialize in different tasks over time. 22 Jones−George: Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition I. Management 2. The Evolution of Management Thought  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2005 The Evolution of Management Thought 45 F. W. Taylor and Scientiï ¬ c Management Frederick W. Taylor (1856–1915) is best known for deï ¬ ning the techniques of scientiï ¬ c management, the systematic study of relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase

Bipolar Disorder A Common And Debilitating Mood Disorder

Corey Brooks PSY 113-01 Dr. Shamberg 29 April 2016 Bipolar Disorder The Bipolar disorder (AKA) manic depression is a common and debilitating mood disorder which causes extreme shifts in energy and mood. The word bipolar means that the two main polar extremes in which a person with the disorder experiences. According to part of the National Institutes of Health that watches over neurological and psychological research this disorder affects about 2.1 million adults in the United States and about 1 percent of the entire world. The first signs of this disorder usually appear in childhood and early adulthood, with cases rarely happening in childhood, no discoveries have been†¦show more content†¦One of the wildest symptoms is the over involvement in risk taking activities known as hyper-sexuality. If an episode gets worse people may begin to experience some symptoms that are just like some symptoms of schizophrenia. Including hallucinations, delusions, and severely wild thinking and reasoning patterns. This sometimes leads to the misdiagnosis of people with bipolar disorder as people with schizophrenia, sometimes episodes can even lead to unprovoked violence towards anything like objets and people they may or may not even know. During those manic episodes people usually wont even reconize exactly what they are doing at that time during an episode and wont really have any control over their own thoughts and actions. A hypomanic episode is just like a manic episode only a little less severe. The symptoms of a hypomanic episode include pretty much most of the same symptoms as a manic episode does, with a decreased need for sleep, fast racing thoughts and the occasional anger trips. However, those hypomanic episodes aren’t usually perceptible to others and do not lessen someones social, work, or family life in any really big ways. The people that are going through a hypomanic episode are usually upbeat and more pleasant than angry and need very little time to sleep

Descriptive Essay - Original Writing - 979 Words

As I scan the never ending line of trailers, my grandmother’s stands out. Faded metal siding clinging to the unevenly pitched roof, grass struggling to grow under the shade of the rotting oak tree, the hot water heater rusting in the back, all speak to the age of the tin box she calls her home. I never see it as a home; to me it is a house I dread entering. The yard surrounding the trailer holds few memories, as little time is ever spent outside. On four sunken craters on her driveway, an old Ford Taurus sits, slowly seeping into the asphalt from its weight, revealing how little its owner moves. The gray porch boards are slimy under the hanging plants, moss feeding on excess water that drips down through cracks in the pots. The weathered porch droops to the left, away from the trailer. Dull nail heads spurt up to trip any visitors, the uneven tread of planks makes it all the more difficult. The steps to the porch are all of varying heights, forcing me to grasp the railing for support. It splinters into my palm, leaving pinpricks to remind me of the visit weeks later. The stairs’ rasping groans signal my arrival, and rouse my grandmother. She shuffles to the door in her floral bathrobe, squinting at me through the screen. She always criticizes. â€Å"Julia† she’ll begin with a scandalized tone, â€Å"What on earth have you done to your hair?!† I instinctively fiddle with my newly-chopped hair. â€Å"Did you let your mother do it for you?† she asks with a sneer. â€Å"Bangs don’t work on suchShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. I doubled over and held my head in pain as I saw the static, which meant it was coming. I was being chased by what looked like a person but in no way acted like one. Just as it was about to appearRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1102 Words   |  5 PagesIt is on days like this when we stop to think about our life. Small drops of rain begin to dapple the cobblestone pavement as people whip out their umbrellas for cover. I continue sauntering down the busy street, relishing the feeling of a light shower. Moving with the mass of pedestrians, I stop at a crosswalk where I wait for the stoplight to turn green. A flower shop employee across the street scurries to bring in the numerous bouquets and close the doors as rain starts rolling down the displayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing914 Words   |  4 PagesDreamy I thought. Standing on the corner is a young guy with a smile. I see him here almost every day, so I linger for a while. He tells me his name, and I tell him mine. I m Ester, what s your name? I enquired. My names David .,He replied. We end up talking f or a while and I asked him if he had ever left this city. He tells me of all these stories of the places where he s been, the distant lakes and mountains, and in valleys oh so green. I can see it in his eyes, he really has beenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing974 Words   |  4 Pages I was used to moving round, having a mother who liked to travel more than making roots was something I had gotten used to. Still, I had never gotten used to the loneliness of an empty house when she was out exploring, or the feeling of leaving behind someone who could have meant something to me. Our most recent move was Oregon. It was pretty, and I didn’t mind it, but it was much different than Florida. Not only was it opposite sides of the country, it felt as if it were opposite worlds. InRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1012 Words   |  5 Pageshave plenty of time in the next month to think about my feeling in regards to Kendrick. I needed to finish up the article and get it off to my editor. I should be able to get it done by tonight and send an email in the morning. I was thinking of writing my next article about the sea life around the Scottish coast. Since our salmon dinner last evening I thought I would do a piece about the commercial salmon farming that began in Scotland in 1969. In 2002 over 145,000 metric tons of farmed AtlanticRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1561 Words   |  7 PagesThere’s something I need to say and what follows may not be something that you’d expect, it won’t be heartening or uplifting. If you remember today, I told you about going somewhere I wanted to go to†¦ I’m not sure if you believed and accepted what I now confess as untrue; it is partly. I needed to pull away emo tionally†¦ from you. You must have had fathomed that some degree of formality had seeped between us. Born of habit, formulaic greetings had become a routine. You presume that I’m a close friendRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1387 Words   |  6 PagesI was wearing a beautiful blue dress with sapphire gems all around the chest area as I entered the ball with Ciel and Sebastian. I took a good look around here, the hallway was lined with gold. There was a servant ready to escort us to the ball room. Hello, come this way. He said, walking forward. Wow, this place is so fancy! I exclaimed, looking around. It s fake gold. Ciel bluntly replied, bringing my hopes down. I sighed. Ciel sounded like he wasn t in a very good mood. Ciel, lightenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1287 Words   |  6 Pages In the morning, Caireann woke me up. She stood above my bed, shaking my shoulder. I opened my eyes, looking at her. Then I looked across the room to her empty bed. Andy s empty bed sat in the corner. I swallowed, climbing out of bed. Sleep well? Caireann asked me, starting out the door. Yeah, I said, going over to our small dresser. I had the bottom two drawers. Andy had the middle two, and Caireann had the top. I pulled open the drawers, pulling on a colorful tank top and a grayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1345 Words   |  6 PagesLater that night, I was behind the wheel of my G-Wagon with Melissa in the passenger seat. She didn’t feel like driving since she was on the road all day and I understood so I didn’t mind when she asked me to. I had been tight-lipped. She kept eyeballing me as if she detected that something was bothering me but I just kept singing to my India Arie as if I was carefree. â€Å"So are you going to tell me what’s going on or no† Melissa said disrupting my own personal concert. I stopped singing and tookRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1085 Words   |  5 PagesI WAS SITTING IN a taxi, wondering if I had overdressed for the evening, when I looked out the window and saw Mom rooting through a Dumpster. It was just after dark. A blustery March wind whipped the steam coming out of the manholes, and people hurried along the sidewalks with their collars turned up. I was stuck in traffic two blocks from the party where I was heading. Mom stood fifteen feet away. She had tied rags around her shoulders to keep out the spring chill and was picking through the trash

The History of Affirmative Action - 2496 Words

Outline The history of affirmative action I.Introduction II.Origins of affirmative action a.The 14th Amendment to the constitution b.Major setback in the Supreme Court ruling of 1986 c.President Franklin Roosevelts contribution d.President Harry Trumans contribution III.Affirmative action comes into being a.President John F. Kennedys contribution b.President Lyndon B. Johnsons contribution IV.Fair employment a.Civil Rights Act of 1964 b.Landmark ruling of 1971 V.President Ronald Reagans contrary view VI.Affirmative action after Reagan VII.Reverse discrimination a.San Francisco Police Officers Association v. San Francisco b.Hayes v. North State Law Enforcement Officers association c.Detroit Police Officers v. Young VIII.Conclusion The history of affirmative action Introduction Affirmative action or positive discrimination was a set of laws and policies that were introduced to ensure employment equity relating to race, religion, sex, color and national origin. It means that employers had to consider these factors when staffing their organizations(Dessler, 2008). The major purpose of affirmative action was to promote employers to take actions that achieve non-discrimination within their organization. This was meant to compensate for the earlier discrimination, exploitation and persecution that minority groups, especially African Americans, had been exposed to. Origins of affirmative action The 14th Amendment to the constitution BeforeShow MoreRelatedThe History of Affirmative Action1628 Words   |  7 Pages The history of Affirmative Action dates back to the days when the nation tried to rebuild its society after the civil war. Reconstruction tried to establish virtuous relations between the white Europeans black Africans that made up a giant part of the American society. The nation was torn on how to establish these relations. Lots of call Reconstruction the low point of race relations in the United States. This period included the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, defining national citizenshipRead MoreThe History Of Affirmative Action Essay1995 Words   |  8 PagesThe History of Affirmative Action Abstract There are many supporters and opponents of Affirmative Action. The focus of Affirmative action is meant to be an attempt at equality throughout society. Every sector in America would be equal and unprejudiced. On the other hand, adopting affirmative action would force many employers to replace hard-working employees with those possibly less qualified simply due to their gender or ethnicity. Throughout history, people have been categorized into differentRead MoreEssay on History and Opinions on the Policy of Affirmative Action1725 Words   |  7 Pages is Affirmative Action. The basic goal of these policies is to increase opportunities for minorities in the United States job market and educational system. Yet one might also question if these policies actually decrease discrimination or increase the inequality gap between the dominate white group and the minority African American group? What benefits do we really gain from Affirmative Action? In order to answer these and other questions, we must first fully understand what Affirmative ActionRead MoreAffirmative Action vs Reverse Discrimination Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesAffirmative Action or Reverse Discrimination Colleen Koehn Business Law 1038 Instructor Jackie Sexson March 1, 2010 South University Online There has been a large debate in recent years if affirmative action has gone against the American way, has affirmative action caused reverse discrimination? The establishment of affirmative action was put into place to create equal rights for racial minorities, ethnic minorities, women, the physically disabled and those who served in the militaryRead MoreAffirmative Action And The Civil Rights And Equal Opportunity Legislation Of The 1960s958 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative action is a program that serves to rectify the effects of purportedly past societal discrimination by allocating jobs and opportunities to minorities and women. Affirmative action programs were an outgrowth of the 1950s and 1960s civil rights movements and the Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity legislation of the 1960s. Close to fifty years later, the practice of affirmative action has been at the vanguard of intense debate more than any other time in its history. Hardly a week goesRead MoreAffirmative Action During The Civil Rights Movement1237 Words   |  5 Pageshappened until the government implemented affirmative action. Affirmative action allowed minorities more opportunities into schools and allowed more opportunities for jobs. It also allowed society to become more diverse with ethnicities and cultures. Affirmative action diluted the racism in the country and eventually helped everyone work collaboratively. Now that affirmative action has done its job, I feel that it is no longer needed. Affirmative action was made to level the playing field betweenRead MoreAffirmative Action Programs Should Be Legal1320 Words   |  6 Pagesto our textbook, institutions or organizations involves with affirmative action programs in order to improve opportunities or provide compensations for individuals that belong to omitted groups in the U.S history. While affirmative action programs are prevalent in a numerous of fields, employment and education are the two most active fields that focus on the affirmative action. In many associations and other cases, the affirmative action can be considered as a series of privileged programs. TheseRead MoreAffirmative Action For African Americans1478 Words   |  6 PagesOliveira 1 Lucas Oliveira Ms. Alonso English 8 Honors 7 March 2015 Affirmative Action Have you ever wondered why all companies have employees of all races? Affirmative Action sought to give African Americans workers and minorities equal access to education and employment which was previously denied to them. It makes companies and schools give equal access to minorities. Affirmative Action is a topic that has been in government officials minds for a long time. Between 1870-1900, many African AmericansRead MoreAffirmative Action Is The Most Important Modern Anti Discrimination1578 Words   |  7 PagesColumbia in the United States of America once said that â€Å"affirmative action is the most important modern anti-discrimination technique ever instituted in the United States. 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Financial Analysis of Lockheed Martin free essay sample

The world of finance in today’s market is one of numerous ups and downs. With the global economy in constant flux, it is more important than every for companies to examine their financial status and compare their position to that of the relative market as well as their fellow competitors. In order to better understand the ways in which today’s managers examine their position on the market and evaluate their current value as a company we will examine the financial data of Lockheed Martin Corporation and perform a detailed financial analysis on the company. In this analysis we will examine financial rations of Lockheed Martin and in turn compare these rations to that of fellow market competitors. Upon completion of our financial analysis we will be able to understand the financial position of Lockheed Martin as well as the position of Lockheed Martin in their respective market, and in turn we will be able to fully comprehend the methods and data used by companies in order to evaluate their company. Before going into an in depth analysis of our company, let us first examine the history behind Lockheed Martin. The Lockheed Martin Corporation traces its roots all the way back to the earliest days of flight. In 1909 aviation pioneer Glenn L. Martin organized a company around a small airplane construction business and transformed it into a major airframe supplier to U. S. military and commercial customers. In 1961 the Glenn L. Martin Company became the Martin Marietta Company after the completion of a merger with American-Marietta Corp. , a leading supplier of building and road construction materials. In 1982, Martin Marietta was subject to a hostile takeover bid by the Bendix Corporation which bought the majority of Martin Marietta shares and in effect owned the company. However, Martin Mariettas management used the short time separating ownership and control to sell non-core businesses and launch its own hostile takeover of Bendix (known as the Pac-Man defense). The end of this extraordinarily bitter battle saw Martin Marietta survive and forced Bendix to be sold off. In 1913, Allan and Malcolm Loughead (name later changed to Lockheed) flew the first Lockheed plane over San Francisco Bay. The brothers later established their own corporation known as the Alco Hydro-Aeroplane Company which was later renamed the Loughead Aircraft Manufacturing Company. In 1926, following the failure of Loughead, Allan Loughead formed the Lockheed Aircraft Company in Hollywood, California. In 1929, Lockheed sold out to Detroit Aircraft Corporation. The Great Depression ruined the aircraft market, and Detroit Aircraft went bankrupt. A group of investors headed by brothers Robert and Courtland Gross, bought the company out of receivership in 1932. The syndicate bought the company for a mere $40,000. Ironically, Allan Loughead himself had planned to bid for his own company, but had only raised $50,000 which he felt was too small a sum for a serious bid. The first successful aircraft built in any number by the Lockheed Corporation was named the Vega and was best known for its use in several first- and record setting flights by, among others, Amelia Earhart, Wiley Post and George Hubert Wilkins. In the 1930s, Lockheed spent $139,400 to develop the Model 10 Electra, a small twin-engine transport which sold 40 units in the first year of production. Amelia Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, flew this plane on their failed attempt to circumnavigate the world in 1937. The Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior and the Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra expanded their market. The Model 14 also formed the basis for the Hudson bomber, which was supplied to both the British Royal Air Force and the United States military before and during World War II. In 1995 the these two companies, Lockheed and Martin Marietta, joined together in a merger which created the modern Lockheed Martin corporation, and further expanded with the acquisition of Loral, a defense electronics and systems integration business, in 1996. Today, the Lockheed Martin Corporation is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland and employs 126,000 people worldwide. The company is principally engaged in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration, and sustainment of advanced technology systems. Lockheed also serves both domestic and international customers with products and services that have defense, civil, and commercial applications, with their principal customers being agencies of the U. S. Government. In 2011, 84% of their $45. billion in net sales were made to the U. S. Government, either as a prime contractor or as a subcontractor. Lockheed’s U. S. Government sales were made to both Department of Defense (DoD) and non-DoD agencies. Sales to foreign governments (including foreign military sales funded, in whole or in part, by the U. S. Government) amounted to 15% of net sales in 2011. The remainder of net sales was attributable to commercial and other customers. In 2011, net sales at Aeronautics of $13. 2 billion represented 29% of their total net sales. Aeronautics has three principal lines of business and the percentage that each contributed to its 2011 net sales was 68 percent combat aircraft, 20 percent air mobility, and 12 percent in other aeronautics programs. At December 31, 2011, we operated in 545 locations (including offices, manufacturing plants, warehouses, service centers, laboratories, and other facilities) throughout the United States and internationally. Of these, we owned 43 locations aggregating approximately 30 million square feet, and leased space at 502 locations aggregating approximately 26 million square feet. We also manage or occupy various government-owned facilities under leases and various other arrangements. The U. S. Government also furnishes equipment that we use in some of our businesses. We operate in four principal business segments: Aeronautics, Electronic Systems, ISGS, and Space Systems. Lockheed organizes their business segments based on the nature of the products and services offered. The following table presents net sales and operating profit of their four business segments. Now that we have established the background of the Lockheed Martin Corporation, let us now analyze the ratios which provide us insight into the financial status of the corporation. The first ratio which we will look at is the current ration of Lockheed Martin. Using the current ration, we will be able to determine if Lockheed will be able to satisfy the amount of current liabilities based upon their current assets. When looking at the Lockheed’s balance sheet for 2011, we see that they have 11. 157 million dollars in current liabilities and 12. 851 million dollars in current liabilities. In order to compute the current ratio of Lockheed we then take the current assets of 12. 51 million and divide this number by the current liabilities of 11. 157 million thus giving Lockheed a current ratio of 1. 15% for 2011. When looking at this ratio over a period of 2 years we began to see that the ratio calculated for 2011 has decreased . 01 percent from 2010. In examining this ratio, we a re able to conclude that Lockheed has a fairly constant liquidity rate which could tell us that the company is relatively stable at this point in time. The second ratio which will help us in evaluating the financial status of Lockheed Martin Corporation is the inventory turnover ratio. This ration will allow us to examine how efficiently Lockheed manages its assets and uses those assets to create income. In order to calculate this ratio we must find the companies net sales and divide this figure by the inventories that the company has on hand. After examining Lockheed’s financial statements, we find that they reported 45. 803 million dollars in net sales and 2. 378 million dollars in inventories for 2011. After plugging these figures into our equation, we find that Lockheed had an inventory turnover ratio of 19. 26. This tells us roughly that Lockheed’s inventory is sold out and restocked roughly 19. 26 times per year. When examined over a two year period, we find that the ratio of sales to inventories when compared to the 20. 15 ratio calculated in 2010, had only fallen by . 89. When compared to the rival Boeing Company, we find that Lockheed’s inventory turnover ration is considerably higher than the 1. 386 that Boeing reported over the same period. This could lead to the conclusion that Lockheed Martin is in considerably better position than the majority of the other companies with in the same market. The next ratio that we will examine is referred to as the debt ration. This ratio allows us to examine the percentage of funds provided by current liabilities and long term debt. In order to calculate this ratio, we will need to take the total liabilities and divide this figure by the total assets. When examining the financial documents provided by Lockheed, we find that Lockheed reported a total liability of 31. 59 million and a total asset of 35. 067. As we plug this data into our equation we find that Lockheed Martin has a debt ratio of 89. 43 percent for 2011. When interpreting this outcome we must remember to examine the data from two separate per spectives. From the perspective of a creditor, a high debt ratio allows for less cushion against losses in the event that liquidating occurs. This could discourage creditors from lending to the company due to the fact that it poses a greater risk to the creditor. On the other hand, stockholders generally like to see a higher debt ration due to the fact that it magnifies the amount of return that they receive. Therefore, it would be wise for a company to maintain a debt ration which is fairly close to 50 percent due to the fact that it allows creditors to feel comfortable while satisfying the desires of the stockholders. Another ratio which provides valuable insight into a company’s financial status is the Gross Profit Margin. When calculating this ratio we must first find the amount of sales, then subtract this number by the cost of goods sold and divide this number by the amount of sales during that period. As we examine the financial data using our Gross Profit Margin formula, we find that Lockheed had a gross profit margin of 10. 2 percent. This number tells us that Lockheed had a gross profit of 10. 2 percent per dollar of sales before any other expenses are deducted. When compared to rival aeronautical company Boeing, we find that Boeing had a gross profit margin that was 11. 9 percent higher than Lockheed. This suggests that Boeing is turning a higher profit margin than Lockheed and thus does not need to sell as much product in order to generate the same amount of income as Lockheed. By having a lower profit margin than their competitor, Lockheed must have a higher amount of sells in order to keep their place within the market. The final ratio which we will examine is the Price per Earnings ratio or the P/E Ratio. By looking at this ration we are able to identify how much investors are willing to pay per dollar of reported profit. Looking at Lockheed’s current price per share and earnings per share data we find that they are able to maintain a ratio of 28. 67. When viewing this data, we are able to conclude that Lockheed has a fairly strong growth prospect when other things are held constant. When we compare this number to the smaller rival Northrop Grumman and find that Lockheed has a P/E that is 19. 69 higher. When looking into the reasoning behind this difference, we can conclude that Northrop is regarded as being a much riskier company than Lockheed and thus could receive less support for creditors. This places Lockheed Martin at an advantageous position due to the fact that they are viewed as a more stable company. This allows them to control more of their respective market and in turn secures their market share for future years. Now that we have viewed the financial ratios of our company and have interpreted the data based upon Lockheed’s market and past financial data, let us now look at the Beta coefficient. When stockholders examine which companies they wish to invest in, they generally seek to invest in companies with the smallest amount of risk possible. In doing so, Stockholders greatly minimize the amount of risk that they themselves accrue and in turn provides confidence within the market. However, we must have a way in order to evaluate the relative risk of a particular companies stock and for that we use the Beta coefficient. In order to calculate the Beta coefficient we will need two sets of data, the closing price for the stock we are examining and the closing prices for the index we’re using. As we look at the Beta value of . 98 for Lockheed Martin and compare it industry rival Boeing’s 1. 31 and Northrop Grumman’s 1. 08 we find that Lockheed has a lower Beat value than both of its major competitors. This suggests that Lockheed is a less risky company to invest in and thus could create greater capitol available through the sale of stock for the company. In addition to drawing potential investors to the company, having a lower Beta value could cause creditors to be more willing to lend money to the company. This would allow a greater possibility for Lockheed’s future expansion in the industry and could serve to propel them to the top of the Aeronautic market. If this were to occur, I forecast that the dividend structure within the company would increase due to the increased amount of wealth that the company is generating yearly. By having more funds available for allocation to stockholders, the company would be more willing to pass this added revenue to the stockholders thus promoting more investors to purchase stock. Upon examining the numerous financial data available on Lockheed Martin we are able to determine that the financial status of the company is sound. Lockheed Martin maintains a current ratio of 1. 5 percent which tells us that the company is able to cover the cost of their current liabilities 1. 15 times using their current assets. This tells us that the company does not have any problematic debt at the current time and therefore generates a profit at the end of every operating period. The second indicator of Lockheed’s current and future success is their ability to turn over inventory. In our calculations we discovered that Lockheed had an inventory turn over ratio of 19. 26 percent which told us that they were able roughly able to sell all of their products and restock at least 19. 26 times per year. When viewing this from a financial standpoint this figure is encouraging because it represents a steady profit within the company. The next ratio analysis performed, the debt ratio, informed us that the company had a debt ratio of 89. 43 percent. This high number could serve costly to the company if they ever need seek loans from creditors, but it does satisfy the shareholders by providing a higher amount of leverage. Another ratio that we analyzed for Lockheed Martin was the gross profit margin. After computing this ratio, we found that Lockheed had a gross profit margin of 10. 2 in 2011 which means than Lockheed earned retained 10. 2 percent of every dollar earned. The final ration analysis that we performed on Lockheed’s financial statements was a profit per earnings ratio. After performing this ratio, we found that Lockheed had a better profit per earnings than its rivals thus making it a more desirable company to invest in. This could attract future investors and in turn create more profit for the company. From this analysis, I have concluded that Lockheed Martin could not handle much more debt in the near future due to the fact that their debt ration is already considerably high. If the company were to take on much more debt, creditors would become unwilling to provide financial support for the company and the company could risk taking on more debt than their assets could cover. This would cause the overall value of the company to fall and cause the Beat coefficient to ri se to a much higher level. In order to further improve the company from the position that it is in, I believe that the company should take steps to lower the debt ratio. This would cause the creditors to be more willing to invest in the company as well as keep the stockholders satisfied with the amount of leverage the company has. Also, by lowering the debt ratio, the companies eat coefficient would fall even further making the desire to invest in the company even higher. If Lockheed were to take this step, I believe that the companies stock would continue to rise and the company could in turn increase the amount of dividends that it provides.

Stem cell research Essay Example For Students

Stem cell research Essay Within the past few years, scientist have made several breakthroughs with Human Stem Cells. These breakthroughs have catapulted the issue of Stem cell research Essay into the middle of a national debate. Most people have no problem with the research itself, however the source of the Stem cells (adult or human embryos) used in research is the primary cause of the debate. Some people fell that destroying an embryo is comparable to murder, even if the research it promotes may help people with serious illnesses. Other believe that an embryo is not a person and therefore research on an embryo is the same as research on any other group of cells. He and his company are so confident about these cells, not only have they obtained a government patent on the process by which these specific cells are separated from other cells, they have also patented the cells themselves. They have even convinced Sandoz Ltd. (a giant Swiss drug-and-chemical company) to purchase 60 percent of the stock for SyStemix for a reported 392 million dollars. Stem cells are very valuable for many reasons, some of which are as follows: by giving patients the ability to make an entirely new supply of blood, they make it possible for the immune system to regenerate itself. In doing this, it could feasibly allow medical breakthroughs for treating diseases like cancer and AIDS. There is much controversy over who actually should have taken credit for the discovery of stem cells. Back in the 1960s James Till and Ernest McCulloch (from the Ontario Cancer Institute in Toronto ) discovered that after mice were injected with bone marrow cells their spleens developed nodules on them, and, upon studying these nodules they noticed that they were loaded with white and red blood cells. They also discovered that, additionally, these cells were able to reproduce themselves. These men said that, All blood cells arise from a few hematopoietic stem cells, which are hidden away in bone marrow(2). On the average, these cells produce an ounce of new blood (260 billion new cells) every day. Weissman was studying medicine at Stanford when the before mentioned men developed their theory, and it fascinated him. He decided to pursue the study and see where he could go with it. He soon began to study white cells backwards, from maturity to early cells. At the same time, the rest of the researcher were discovering the same thing. One man, in particular, Jan Visser, developed a strategy for separating these stem cells from other cells in blood. He fine tuned his strategy by making small changes in what he was doing, which broke down the number of cells to smaller and smaller groups, until finally, he narrowed it down and he figured that there is approximately one stem cell per 10,000 cells. Visser had his original results published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine in 1984, and four years later, Weissman announced in the journal Science that he and his colleagues had found the mouses stem cell. It was Weissmans article that drew headlines, while Vissers only drew polite praise. Visser notes ironically, The Journal of Experimental medicine is considered scientifically one of the best journals. Science is more popular. It was the Weissman team that took a much more narrow approach to separating the cells, they used a variety of monoclonal antibodies, each with a specific ability to single out certain proteins on certain cells. In my opinion, this is how science works. Science is based on someone figuring something out, and another person comes along later and makes it better. It is called advancement. Speech: Education and New School Term Essay The problem with what Weissman did, was that he claimed all responsibility for discovering stem cells and separating cells and gave no credit to Visser or anyone else who had made huge leaps forward with the advancement of stem cell research. Since being called on doing that, it has been noted that Weissman now acknowledges Vissers work. Weissman claims to have been so wrapped up in his own research that he didnt know that Visser had done so much with stem cell separation. He likened it to what I think a child might say, I stopped reading the literature. I didnt want to .